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Chambers, Eddie. Roots and Culture : Cultural Politics in the Making of Black Britain, I. B. Tauris & Company, Limited, 2017. ProQuest Ebook Central, https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/goldsmiths/detail.action?docID=4791304. Fryer, Peter. Staying power, the history of black people in Britain. Pluto Press, 1984 Moliterno, Alessandro G. “What Riot? Punk Rock Politics, Fascism, and Rock Against Racism.” Last modified 2012, http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/612/2/what-riot-punk-rock-politics-fascism-and-rock-against-racism Panayi,Continue reading “BIBLIOGRAPHY”

‘The Caribbean has long since been a region with a surfeit of labour, and consequently a region from which labour has been exported.’ [1] Wind rush was the largest scale of migration after world war two. There were various push and pull factors that bought people to Britain as the newly independent colonies found themselvesContinue reading “WINDRUSH”

This post will explore the ‘The role of the state as an employer and as a provider of income, and the growth of structural unemployment’ [1] and how this contributed to the sound of punk. Actions throughout the course of thatchers government had an extremely negative effect within inner cities by the 1970s due toContinue reading “CAREER OPPORTUNITIES”

‘Punk was a refuge from racism. On the streets, young men like me were constantly getting pulled up by the cops. The far right were getting stronger throughout the 70s. But punk shows were bringing people together. The Clash were doing Rock Against Racism concerts. The Slits were doing gigs with Aswad. We were all cheering each otherContinue reading “THE URGE TO SUBVERT”

‘Punk could be a blind, nihilistic rebellion, distinctly apolitical in its stance. At the same time there were fears that it would become oriented with the right, with neo-fascism and racism, or conversely that it had distinctly left-leaning tendencies.’ [1] The punk and more notably the skinhead movement has received criticism over whether it was theContinue reading “OH BONDAGE! UP YOURS!”

Led Zeppelin post: https://www.cheatsheet.com/entertainment/did-led-zeppelin-or-the-rolling-stones-sell-more-albums-all-time.html/ https://www.britannica.com/topic/Led-Zeppelin Queen/Mercury post: Queen https://chartmasters.org/2020/01/queen-albums-and-songs-sales/ https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/pride/8483624/freddie-mercury-music-legacy-lady-gaga-brendon-urie https://www.bl.uk/windrush/articles/calypso-and-the-birth-of-british-black-music https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C15734168 Iron Maiden post: https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/z6grnrd https://www.cheatsheet.com/entertainment/iron-maiden-net-worth.html/ https://www.kerrang.com/features/the-unsung-influence-of-poetry-on-iron-maiden/ Anti-Racism post: https://slate.com/culture/2016/10/race-rock-and-the-rolling-stones-how-the-rock-and-roll-became-white.html https://www.newyorker.com/culture/cultural-comment/the-unoriginal-originality-of-led-zeppelin https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/music-and-revolt

One of the main problems the black population faced in Britain after they immigrated was the widespread xenophobia and racism that were exhibited against them, which materialised through various musical acts, such as the very popular minstrel shows. It is safe to say that racism in popular culture was very prominent which is why theContinue reading “Overcoming racism in the Rock scene.”

Self-expression through music is I believe the sharpest, most direct way a person can take to establish a sort of identity which was actually very common among the immigrants of the 20th century Britain. Music was a way to form a voice which was supressed by the government, for example people such as Lord KitchenerContinue reading “Stories by Iron Maiden”

Queen is an English Rock Band which was formed in 1970 by singer Freddie Mercury, guitarist Brian May and drummer Roger Taylor, stemming from the latter two’s previous band Smile. Queen was (and is) among the most well-known and recognisable musical acts during the 20th century landing them worldwide success and fame.[1] With over moreContinue reading “The importance Freddie Mercury”

Carter, Bob. Realism and Racism: Concepts of Race in Sociological Research. London: Routledge, 2000. Gilroy, Paul. There Ain’t No Black in the Union Jack: The cultural politics of race and nation. London: Routledge, 2002. Goodyer, Ian. “Rock Against Racism: Multiculturalism and Political Mobilization, 1976-81,” Immigrants & Minorities 22:1: 44-62. Habekost, Christian. Verbal Riddim: The Politics and AestheticsContinue reading “Bibliography”